The Effects of Different Doses Ketamine on The Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats

INTRODUCTION: In the patients who have perioperative renal failure risk, anesthetical substances should be choosen with caution to protect the function of kidneys. We aim to compare the effects of different doses of ketamine on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury mediated by free radicals in rats.
METHODS: In this study, 42 wistar albino male rats were randomized into 7 different groups. In the ketamine group, ketamine was applied intraperitoneally (IP) in different doses (3 mg kg־1, 10 mg kg־1, 30 mg kg־1, 60 mg kg־1, 80 mg kg־1) on the 45 th minutes. Clamps were opened at the end of 60 minutes ischemia period. At the end of the reperfusion period, renal tissue and blood samples were taken from the rats. In the plasma samples, pro-inflammatory biomarkers [Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)] were analysed. In renal tissue samples, antioxidating activities [Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and nitric oxide (NO)] and lipid peroxidation product “Malondialdehyde (MDA)” levels were studied biochemically. Renal tissue damage was evaluated histopathologically.
RESULTS: There were no differences among the beneficial effects of 10-30-60-80 mg kg־1 ketamine given groups before reperfusion in the way of antioxidant activities, pro-inflammatory markers and lipid peroxidation product. When ketamin was applied at a 3 mg kg־1 dose there were beneficial effects on tissues and significiant values for SOD, GPx, NO, MDA and histopathologically (p<0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Some studies have shown that ketamine has little anti-inflammatory properties. This animal study have shown that ketamine in low doses significantly reduces the I/R injury in rats (p<0.05).